Greece Map (use book 109) Name
Morris
2017-18
Instructions:
Color Greece of 750 BC green (including the eastern shore of the
Aegean).
Color the seas blue, and label the Ionian Sea,
Mediterranean Sea, Aegean Sea, and Gulf of Corinth.
Color Crete yellow, and label it. Make a dot where Knossis is and label it.
Color Rhodes orange.
Label Mount Olympus, home of the gods
Label these cities and dot them: Athens, Sparta, Olympia, Mycenae, Thebes,
Delphi, Ephesus and Miletus.
Label these areas in upper-case letters: PELOPONNESUS, ANATOLIA, THRACE, MACEDONIA,
EPIRUS
Color all non-Greek territory brown.
Download Map By Clicking This Link
Thursday, Sept. 21
Geography of Greece
Main Idea: Greece is mountainous and its city-states were isolated. The Greeks used the sea for travel and trade.
Greece is:
Thursday, Sept. 21
Geography of Greece
Main Idea: Greece is mountainous and its city-states were isolated. The Greeks used the sea for travel and trade.
Greece is:
- in southern Europe on the Mediterannean Sea
- made up of 1,400 islands
- surrounded by three seas--the Aegean, the Ionian, and the Mediterannean
- mountainous
- only 20% arable (land that can be used for farming)
- has few natural resources. Main ones are grain, grapes and olives.
- so mountainous that Greeks use the sea for travel and trade rather than land routes
- has so few resources that the Greeks colonized other places for resources and additional land
- has a very nice climate. Mediterannean Climate--warm, dry summers (not too hot), and cool, rainy winters (not too cold). An example of such a climate in the USA is California.
- has a climate that encouraged those who lived in it to spend lots of time outside and together, either meeting at the marketplace or other venues. The Greeks became very social people.
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| A photo taken from south of Crete, looking up towards Greece |
Friday, September 22
The Minoans
Main Idea: The Minoans culture, on Crete, influenced Greek culture. It was highly developed and disappeared suddenly.
Myceneans, Dorians and the Dark Ages
Main Idea: The Myceneans built a powerful military kingdom on mainland Greece and defeated Troy to control trade. They then fell to the Dorians, and a Dark Age of no learning followed, during which Greek stories were kept alive by bards who told history as epics.
Timeline-- Minoans Myceneans Dorians
3000-1400 BC 1600-1200 BC 1200-800 BC
Wednesday, September 27
Main Idea: Tiny Greece defeated the giant and mighty Persian Empire and in doing so saved Western Civilization. These wars started because Persia was mad at Athens for helping Ionians.
Greek Philosophers Search for Truth MME
Alexander the Great
Main Idea: Alexander the Great was a lover of everything Greek and spread Greek culture throughout the known world.
Aristotle teaches Alexander to love Greek culture. Iliad
Alexandria , Egypt
Discoveries
Greece Review Sheet
Main Idea: The Minoans culture, on Crete, influenced Greek culture. It was highly developed and disappeared suddenly.
- Minoans: advanced culture on island of Crete. Greeks got many myths, architecture, and religion from them.
- Crete--island where Minoans lived. Biggest city was Knossos
- Knossos--Minoan capital
- Labyrinth--palace at Knossos, basis for legends about King Minos, the Minotaur, and Theseus
- Contributions of the Minoans--art, architecture, religion, love of beauty, love of learning, iron
- Linear A--writing system of the Minoans. Not decoded
- Minoan Civilization ends==why? Tsunami/earthquake? Defeat by another culture?
- Very advanced--large buildings, art, indoor plumbing, flush toilets
Video Links
Myceneans, Dorians and the Dark Ages
Main Idea: The Myceneans built a powerful military kingdom on mainland Greece and defeated Troy to control trade. They then fell to the Dorians, and a Dark Age of no learning followed, during which Greek stories were kept alive by bards who told history as epics.
- Myceneans--warlike conquerers who built large empire between 2000 and 1200 BC
- Troy--a major trading city on Asia Minor (now Turkey) that the Myceneans fought in the Trojan War
- Trojan War--The Myceneans vs. the Trojans, over control of trade
- Dorians--took over Greece from the Myceneans. They had no learning, and for 400 years, there was a Dark Age in Greece.
- Dark Ages--the period from 1200 BC to 800 BC when the Dorians ruled and learning stopped
- Bard--a wandering story-teller who kept history alive during the Dark Ages. Passed down Mycenaean stories, turning them into myths, legends, and epics.
Timeline-- Minoans Myceneans Dorians
3000-1400 BC 1600-1200 BC 1200-800 BC
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| Greek Bard |
Tuesday, September 26
Myth and Epic Vocab
Homer -- poet who wrote Iliad and Odyssey
Myth -- a story that explains why something is the way it is
Legend--a story that is partly based on fact but has been exaggerated and cannot be proven true
Epic -- a long narrative poem with a hero who must overcome many obstacles
Iliad -- Homer's story of the Trojan War
Odyssey -- Homer's story of Odysseus's journey home from the Trojan War
Wednesday, September 27
The Greek City-State and the Greek Army
Main Idea The Greeks lived in small nations called city-states, and though each was different, they all considered themselves Greek and others as barbarians.
- City-state---a city and all the farmland and other land and villages it controls
- Polis-- Greek word for city-state (still used: ex. Minneapolis, Indianapolis)
- Acropolis--a fort on a hill where a city is defended
- Agora--a market and meeting-place in the polis
- Hoplite--an armed an armored Greek foot soldier
- Iron--Greek iron gave them weapon advantage
- Phalanx-- a formation of hoplites with spears and shields
The Greek City-StateRise of the Greek Army
Thursday Notebook Check Rubric
September Notebook Check
Rubric Name
Morris Period
Notes (3 points each)
1. History is Us _____
2. Civilization T-Notes______
3. Geography of Greece______
4. Minoans ____
5. Mycenaeans, Dorians, Dark Ages______
6. Myth and Epic Vocab _____
7. Greek City States/Army_____
Total = 22 points
Your total = _____
Flap (3 points each = 15 points
1. Course Description _____
2. Why Study History? _____
3. 9/11 Readings _____
4. Obituary _____
5. Greece Map _____
Total = 15
points. Your total = _____
Journals
3 journals, 2 points each,
if in complete sentences with capitalization and end punctuation.
Total = 6
points Your total = ______
Tuesday/Wednesday, Sept 20-21
The Rise of Democratic Athens
Main Idea: Athens had many different types of government before becoming a democracy. Athens is knows as the world's first great democracy and served as a model for all other western democracies, including ours in the United States.
Timeline towards Democracy
- Age of Kings--before 800 BC
- Age of Oligarchy (800-650 BC)
- Athens governed by rich landowning citizens
- Oligarchs used power to enrich themselves
- Did not help middle or lower classes
- As trade increased, workers wanted more say
- Age of Tyrants-- (650-500 BC)
- 621 Draco--strict tyrant, harsh rules, hated by middle class
- 594 Solon--improved lives of middle class. Gave middle class some power by creating the Assembly.
- 564 Peisistratus--seized power, popular with middle class, but his son Hippias was bad and the people revolted, leading to CIVIL WAR.
- Age of Democracy (508 BC)
- Cleisthenese gave all male citizens the right to vote in the Assembly. Broke up the power of rich landowners
- Council of 500--- chosen by lot from all Athenian male citizens to propose laws to the Assembly.
- Ostracism--once a year, citizens could vote to force someone they thought was too powerful to leave Athens. (Just a fancy word for kicking somebody out of town)
These small clay pots, called ostraca, were used to vote out tyrants by Athenian citizens
Thursday, October 5 and Monday, October 9
Athens vs. Sparta
Skeleton Notes: Comparing Athens and Sparta
The following is a T-chart. Draw it and fill it in in your composition book using the hyperlinked MME.
Hard Copy Notes for Athens/Sparta
Population
Athens:
- 150,000 Athenians
- largest city-state
- 50,000 aliens
- 100.000 slaves
Sparta
- 8,000 adult male citizens
- over 100,000 slaves.
Government
Athens:
- direct democracy
- every male citizen voted in Assembly
- Council of 500, chosen by lot, made laws
- jury trial
Sparta
- oligarchy-rule by a few
- two kings who led army
- Senate made up of 28 members, all over age 60
- Assembly--all Spartan males
Social Structure
Athens
•Freemen:
all male citizens
•Upper
Class: Land owners and military leaders
•Middle:
farmers
•Lower:
craftsman
•Metics: foreigners
•Slaves
Sparta
•Spartans: Land owning military professionals
•foreigners who
were craftsman, artisans
•Helots:
slaves (farmers)
who worked on the Spartans’
land
Military
Athens--strong navy
Sparta--strong Army
Lifestyle/Values
Athens:
•Democratic
•Many
religious holidays
•Theatre
/ sporting events
•Trading
empire
Sparta
•Militaristic
values
•Citizens
not allowed to own luxuries
•Children
trained to respect superiors
Education
Athens:
•Schools
taught reading, writing and mathematics, music, poetry, sport and gymnastics
•Ages
5-14 (wealthy went until 18)
•Girls
were taught homemaking skills
Sparta
•Boys:
at age 7 they were taken from parents
and taught war,
basic writing and reading
•Girls: at age 7 reading
and writing, gymnastics, athletics and
survival skills
Role of Women
Athens: women kept at home
Sparta:
- girls were educated
- sports
- produce healthy babies
- married at 18
- freedom in community
- could own and control property
- protected land while husband was at war
Cultural Achievement
Athens
- Art
- Architecture
- Drama
- Literature
- Philosophy
- Science
- Medicine
- Math
- Democracy
Sparta
- military might
- simple lifestyle
Food
Athens:
- enjoyed food from all over the empire
- traded goods from all over the Mediterranean
Sparta
- Spartan broth--pork, blood, salt, vinegar
- trained to dislike luxuries and fancy food
- men ate with other men in barracks
Wednesday, October 11
Writing Assignment
Three-Paragraph Essay
In Which City-State would you rather live?
34 Points
Assignment: Write
a three-paragraph essay explaining which city-state, Athens or Sparta, you would
choose to live in. Use your notes and
any additional information you would like to add from research on the computer
or books, as long as you cite your sources.
You must answer from the specific point of view of an upper-class male
citizen, and upper-class female citizen, a male Spartan, or a female Spartan.
Use this sheet to help plan your paper.
Rubric
1.
Title—Essay is Titled with a title other than “Essay”
or “Athens vs. Sparta” that helps state thesis (3 Points)
2.
Opening paragraph has a solid thesis statement
that gives a minimum of three reasons for supporting that thesis. (5 Points)
3.
Body paragraph continues the argument on these
three supporting reasons by adding additional information that supports the
argument. (10 points)
4.
Conclusion restates thesis in a new way and
helps solidify argument. (3 points)
5.
Conventions:
Indentation, Capitalization, complete sentences, end punctuation (10 points)
6.
Sources cited
(3 points)
a. Website: Felluga,
Dino. Guide to Literary and Critical
Theory. Purdue U, 28 Nov.
2003, www.cla.purdue.edu/english/theory/. Accessed 10 May 2006.
b. Book: Gleick, James. Chaos:
Making a New Science. Penguin, 1987.
c.
If citing my notes, just write “Morris Notes”.
A. Thesis
sentence: If I were an ancient Greek
________________, I would rather live in _________________. There are three main reasons why ___________
would be a better place for me, _______________, _________________________, and
_________________. (This is an
example. You may use it or come up with
your own)
B. Body:
1. Restate first
reason, then offer supporting details.
2. Restate second
reason, then offer supporting details.
3. Restate third
reason, then offer supporting details.
C. Conclusion: Restate thesis in a new way, and finish with
a good closer.
Persian Wars Part I: The First Attack!!
Main Idea: Tiny Greece defeated the giant and mighty Persian Empire and in doing so saved Western Civilization. These wars started because Persia was mad at Athens for helping Ionians.
Vocabulary
- Persia--huge empire that controlled much of the Middle East, now Iran
- Darius I--Persian king and general. Led Persia in the First Persian War.
- Ionian Revolt – Greeks living under Persian rule who rebelled with the support of Athens (and lost), made Persia mad
- revolted against being under the rule of an emporer
- Battle of Marathon (490 BC) - Led by Darius I, against Athens. Athens wins, losing only 200 while the Persians lose over 6000.
- Pheidippides – Greek ran 26 miles to tell Athens of victory and died. People run marathons even today, a 26 mile race. A marathon is the only Olympic sport to be named after a battle.
- Persian army: archers, light infantry, heavy infantry (Immortals) who were legendary fighters, feared for their veils and silent fighting
- Greek army: hoplites in phalanx formations, iron and bronze spears/armor/weapons
- Xerxes--Son of Darius I. Persian king and general. Led Persia in the Second Persian War to burn Athens to the ground as revenge for the battle of Marathon
- Greek league -- an alliance of Athens, Sparta, and 31 other Greek city states in the war against Persia ----FIRST TIME people consider themselves "Greek"
If you are intereseted, the whole documentary is also available on Youtube.
Friday, October 13
 |
| Hey Persia! You wanna piece of this? |
Persian War: Part Two--Go Big or Go Home!!
Main Idea: Ten years after Darius lost the Battle of Marathon, his son Xerxes attacked Greece again, and Greece defeated the Persians after battles at Thermopylae, Salamis, and Plataea.
- Xerxes-- army of between 250,000 and 1 million men, some by land and some by ship.
- Hellespont-- narrow waterway above the Aegean Sea. “Bridge of Ships”.
- · Thermopylae-- narrow valley surrounded by steep mountains made “last stand”. If Persians break through, they could take Athens and then all of Greece. (you are getting close. Next clue: "The 300 hold the line")
- · Battle of Thermopylae--7,000 Greeks, including 300 Spartans, faced 100,000 Persians. Greeks led by Spartan King Leonidas.
- · The Spartans held the pass while the rest of the Greek army evacuated Athens and moved the city and army to Salamis to fight another day. All but one Spartan died.
· Video Links: The Battle of Thermopylae: History Channel
- Trireme--a triple decker warship that was rowed by oarsmen and had a battering ram on the front.
- Battle of Salamis--Persian fleet tricked into entering a narrow channel and then defeated by Greek triremes,
- · Battle of Platea--the final battle of the Persian Wars. A Greek victory. Persia goes home after this battle.
- Themistocles--great Athenian leader who won the Battle of Salamis.
Video Links to Support this Lesson: The Battle of Salamis
·
The Golden Age of Athens
MAIN IDEA: After winning the Persian Wars, Athens became a super power and created much of the basis for Western Civilization.
- Delian League: alliance that paid Athens and made Athens very rich. Between 150-200 city states. Originally formed as a protection against further Persian threat. Athens used money to build itself into the center of western civilization.
- Golden Age: 480-430 BC. Time of learning and discovery in Athens
- Much of modern Western Civilization developed during this time
- Art: focused on the the "ideal form" of humanity - very perfectly balanced and proportioned --- no physical flaws, happy, relaxed faces. People were shown as they could be, not as they were. Imperfections were usually overlooked.
- Architecture
- Parthenon--the greatest building of Athens, temple to Athena
- Columns
- Doric -
- Ionic-
- Corinthian
- Frieze--a sculpture that extends out from a flat surface but which is not truly three-dimensional
- Drama: a story written to be acted on a stage.
- Greek drama was performed:
- to entertain the audience
- to teach moral lessons to the audience
- to teach history to the audience
- to entertain the gods and goddesses
- Types of Drama
- Comedy--an amusing play with a happy ending.
- Slapstick -a comedy involving physical pain and crude humor (Dumb and Dumber, The Three Stooges)
- Satire---comedy that pokes fun at something or someone. (Saturday Night Live, Monty Python, Colbert Report)
- Tragedy--a play with a character who has a tragic flaw that brings that character and/or others to a sad end.
- Tragic Flaw---a character trait that becomes a character's downfall. (anger, jealousy, pride)
- Greek Chorus--people who stand behind the actor and narrate the action as needed.
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| Doric Column |
| Ionic Column Corinthian - |
 |
| Corinthian Column |
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| Greek Freize |
Tuesday, October 24
Tuesday, October 24
Socrates, Plato
and Aristotle
Main Idea: The
Greeks were great philosophers who influenced how we think today.
Philosophy--the love of wisdom, discovering universal truths through logic and reason.
Philosopher--a lover of wisdom
Philosophy--the love of wisdom, discovering universal truths through logic and reason.
Philosopher--a lover of wisdom
Universal Truth--a truth or fact that is always true,
such as math, gravity, or the law of motion
Socrates--- man should question all things. "The
unexamined life is not worth living"~
o
Socratic Method---Socrates' teaching method of
answering student questions with another question and directing the student
towards the answer so that the student must find it himself/herself.
o
Trial of Socrates--Socrates put on trial for
disrespecting the gods and corrupting the youth of Athens because he encouraged
his students to question all things.
Plato: 427-347 BC.
o
Student of Socrates, wrote down teaching of
Socrates.
o
Wrote the Republic about an ideal
society divided into three groups (workers, warriors, rulers) A perfect
society is not a democracy, but is ruled by philosopher kings
o
Allegory: a story with a hidden meaning or
message which is usually a life lesson
o
Created first real university--the Academy of
Athens--lasted for 900 years
Aristotle---384-322 BC
o
opened a college named the Lyceum, which became
as great as the Academy
o
created the Scientific Method
o
Classified things in order to understand them.
o
invented modern logic, physics and biology
o
tutored Alexander the Great, and taught him to
love Greek culture
Claymation of Allegory of the Cave
Red Pill or Blue Pill? From the Matrix
Matrix and Allegory of the Cave
Red Pill or Blue Pill? From the Matrix
Matrix and Allegory of the Cave
Plato's Republic in 2 Minutes
Read this and illustrate the Allegory (turned in as an assignment)
Printable Links:
Thursday, October 26
The Peloponnesian War
Main Idea: The Peloponnesian War between Athens and Sparta doomed Greece.
- Delian League--Athens and its Allies
- Peloponnesian League--Sparta and its Allies
- Causes---Athens builds wall, distrust between Athens and Sparta, dissatisfaction of Athens' allies.
- Peloponnesian War--27 years long. 431-404 BC.
- Plague of Athens-430 BC, killed 1/3 of the population of Athens, including Pericles
Finally, Sparta allies with Persia, builds a navy, and defeats Athens, which surrenders in 404.
Greece is now so weak it will be taken over by Macedonia. But Greek culture lives on!
If you are gone, watch this twelve-minute video on the Peloponnesian War
Friday, October 27
Alexander the Great
Main Idea: Alexander the Great was a lover of everything Greek and spread Greek culture throughout the known world.
Macedonia--a land north and east of Greece. The Macedonians were of Greek blood but the Greeks looked down on them as uncivilized barbarians.
Bucephalus, ATG war horse. tamed when ATG a boy
336 BC---Philip is murdered and Alexander becomes king at the age of 20.
Alexander Spreads Greek culture —70 Alexandrias,
11 years, 11,000 miles,
Alexander dies at 32 of fever.
Hellenism—the blending of Greek, Persian, Egyptian and Indian cultures into a new culture.
· Center of learning in western world
· Lighthouse of Alexandria 400 feet high, huge mirror lit by flame
· Library of Alexandria ---500,000 papyrus scrolls/books
 |
| Alexander on his faithful horse, Bucephalus |
· Earth revolves around the sun, sun is larger
· Circumference of the earth within 1%
· Geometry (Euclid )
· Value of Pi 3.14
· Archimedes---lever, screw, pulley
· Move from classical art (balance, proportion, beauty) to realism
· Philosophy
New Links: Lighthouse and Alexandria
World History 9
Morris 2016
Test Facts: There are three matching sections.
One is People, one is Places, and one is Everything Else. There is a
short answer/fill in the blank section after that. The next section requires
you to identify whether a fact is about Athens, Sparta or both. This is
followed by a section in which you must put the 3 main Greek philosophers in
order and give two things each one is famous for. Mapping. Be able
to locate: Peloponnesus, Athens, Sparta, Aegean Sea, Ionian Sea,
Mediterranean Sea, Asia Minor, Persia, India, Macedonia and Crete.
1.
Was Athens a true democracy? Why or why
not?
2.
Match these men with what they did: Solon,
Draco, Hippias, Cleisthenes.
3.
What was ostracism?
4.
In Athens, who could vote? All
voted in the __________ and ___ men were chosen by ___ to be in the
__________________________.
5.
What was the status of women and girls in
Greece? What could they do in Athens? What could they do in Sparta?
6.
Why were the Greeks able to dominate in
wars? Inventions, battle techniques, iron, hoplites, phalanx, trireme,
etc.
7.
Know what happened in each important
battle in the Persian Wars and who won: Marathon, Thermopylae,
Salamis and Platea.
8.
As a result of the Greek victory in the Persian
Wars, which Greek city-state dominated Greece? What was the Delian
League?
9.
What was the Golden Age of Athens? How was
it funded? Why was it so great? How has it effected the way we live
today?
10.
What is: Parthenon, Agora,
Acropolis? What is the importance of the Parthenon?
11.
Who was Pericles? What were his three
goals for Athens?
12.
What are the main characteristics of Greek
art? What is a frieze?
13.
Why did other Greek city-states rebel against
Athens?
14.
What caused the Peloponnesian War? Could
the war have been avoided? How?
15.
What was Sparta’s alliance called? How was
Sparta finally able to defeat Athens and its allies?
16.
Who was Socrates and why is he important?
How did he teach? Why was he killed?
17.
Who was Plato? Why is he important?
Put the three philosophers in order on the test.
18.
Who was Aristotle and why is he important?
19.
In Greek theater, what were the two main types
of plays? What were the two main types of comedies? What is a
tragic flaw?
20.
Explain Plato’s Allegory of the Cave? What
is Plato trying to tell us about reality? Draw it.
21.
Know the three types of Greek columns:
Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian.
22.
What was the cause of the Peloponnesian
Wars? Who won and why?
23.
What caused the Plague of
Athens? Why did Athens build a wall?
24.
What did
the Greeks feel about the Macedonians?
25.
Why was Greece weak enough to be taken over by
Macedonia?
26.
Who built Macedon into a military power?
27.
What did Philip think about Greece? How
can you tell?
28.
Why did Philip want to conquer Persia?
29.
What did Olympia believe about Alexander and how
did that effect his thinking?
30.
What was the name of ATG’s horse?
31.
How did ATG tame the horse and what does this
tell you about him?
32.
Who was ATG’s tutor and how
did this effect him?
33.
What was ATG’s favorite book/role model?
34.
When did ATG become king? Why?
35.
What city
did ATG build in Egypt and why is that city important?
36.
What was the Lighthouse at Alexandria?
37.
Why was the library at Alexandria so
important? What happened to it?
38.
Give four great discoveries made by scholars at
Alexandria.
39.
What is Hellenism?
40.
How did ATG spread Greek culture?
41.
What happened to ATG? How old was he?
42.
What happened to ATG’s kingdom after his death?
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