Morris 2017-2018 Website: Rome

Rome

Early Rome and the Republic

Friday, November 4

A Trip To Rome and Italy

Main Idea: Rome began as a small tribe of people on the Tiber River in Italy, but because of its location and the influences of those who settled there, Rome became a great empire.

Italy--a boot-shaped nation in southern Europe on the Mediterranean Sea
Mediterranean Sea--main sea between Europe and Africa
Rome--city halfway up the boot, 7 miles up the Tiber River
Tiber River--river that flows through Rome
Sicily--the island below Italy that it appears the boot is kicking
Alps--mountain range over the top of Italy

Apennines--mountain range that runs down the spine of Italy
Italy is halfway from one end of the Med .Sea to the other, and Rome is halfway up the boot of Italy. Strategically placed for conquest.
Climate--same as Greece
Main products---same as Greece
Rome grew on seven hills for protection, next to the Tiber River
Rome was founded by Romulus and Remus, twin sons of the Roman god Mars and a Roman princess. The twins were cast into the Tiber after birth and raised by a she-wolf until adopted by a shepherd. They fought over where to build Rome and who would rule. Romulus killed Remus and founded Rome.Video to Watch for Romulus and Remus: Romulus and Remus Story

MME: A Trip to Italy: Google Drive

Wednesday, October 28 and Friday, October 30

Who Were the Romans?
Main Idea: Three different cultures combined to create Roman culture--Latin, Etruscan and Greek.

1. Latins---

came over the Alps about 1,000 BC
Contribution---Latin Language--this language became the language of the Roman Empire, the
language of learning in the Middle Ages, and formed the basis for the Romance
languages of Italian, French, Spanish, Portuguese, and Romansch. It also gave
English about 1/3 of all of its words.
Latin Language Video Clip (Very good)---History of the Latin Language
2. Etruscans---

lived in Northern Italy
Contributions:
The Etruscan Alphabet became our alphabet.
The arch

Metal Working and Art
Etruscan Video Clip: The Etruscans

3. Greeks---750-600 BC--

Contributions: Art, Philosophy, Religion, AgricultureGreek Video Clip: Greek Contributions to Rome

Friday, November 3

The Roman Republic

Main Idea: The Romans got rid of kings and put power in the hands of the people

· Republic--a form of government in which power rests with the citizens

o Rome not a true republic. Many could not vote, including women and slaves.

· Roman Classes

o Patricians---noble land-owners

o Plebeians--middle class workers, farmers, and craftsmen

o Both patricians and plebeians were citizens.

o Plebeians given rights during a revolt against a tyrant because nobles needed their help

o Twelve Tables-- laws of Rome posted in the Forum (meeting place) so that everyone can read them and see plebeians treated same as patricians

o Tribunes-- Patricians but represent the interests of the Plebs.

o The two consuls were elected for terms of only one year

o each consuls could VETO the other

o In cases of extreme emergency, Senate could appoint a DICTATOR for 6 months only.

o Danger--he could refuse to step down.

The Roman Republic Graphic Organizer

Video Clip Links for this Lesson:

Seeds of theRoman Republic: History Channel

Roman Republic Cartoon

Rome Map Name

Morris World History 9

With Thanks to Mrs. Pinkham

Regions—Label using all CAPITAL letters (unless otherwise noted, use pg.138-139) 4pts
~Asia Minor
~Britain

~Italy

~Gaul

~Africa (pg. 145)
~Spain (pg. 145)
~Egypt (pg. 145 might be easier)
~Greece (pg. 145 might be easier)

Bodies of Water—Label and color BLUE (unless otherwise noted, use pg. 138-139) 5pts

~Atlantic Ocean
~Black Sea
~Caspian Sea
~Mediterranean Sea
~North Sea
~Po River
~Rhine River

~Tiber River

~Danube River (pg. 145)

~Nile River (pg. 149)

Islands— Label (pg. 145) 1.5pts
~Corsica
~Sardinia
~Sicily

Mountain Ranges—Label (pg. 145) 1pt
~Alps
~Pyrenees

~Apennines (Atlas A12-A13)

Cities—Label and mark city with a dot (unless otherwise noted, use pg. 145) 3pts

~Byzantium/Constantinople (pg. 138-139)

~Jerusalem (pg. 138-139)

~Rome

~Alexandria

~Carthage

~London (Londinium—pg. 149)

Expansion (Shade in each period of expansion in a different color, label on your key) 5pts
~Extent of Roman rule to 264 BCE (pg.145)
~Roman territory in 146 BCE (pg.145)
~Expansion of Roman Empire to 500 CE (pg. 161)

Italy Map Assignment Maps to Use at Home

Monday, November 6

The Punic Wars

Main Idea: Rome fought a trade war with the North African city-state of Carthage.

1. First Punic War---264-241 BC

Rome builds a navy

Rome wins Corsica, Sardinia, Sicily and control of the Mediterranean Sea

2. Second Punic War----218 BC- 201 BC

Hannibal, great Carthaginian general, attacks Rome over Alps with 40,000 men and 37 war elephants.

Fought in Italy for many years. Finally, Roman general Scipio attacks Carthage, forcing Hannibal to return to defend it

Scipio defeats Hannibal at the Battle of Zama

3. Third Punic War ---- 149-146 BC

War of Revenge - Cato the Elder says Carthage must be destroyed if Rome is ever to be free of threats

Carthage was destroyed, looted, all residents killed or enslaved, farmland salted (so it can't grow)

Tuesday, November 7

Rome: We Have a Problem!

Main Idea: As Rome became rich and powerful after the Punic Wars, the Republic began to have problems with its government and people.

I. Problems

Widening gap between rich and poor
Latifundia---large plantations owned by wealthy patricians put the smaller farmers out of business.
Soldiers--lose their farms while they are in Punic Wars.
Poor farmers and soldiers move to cities, live in slums, usually unemployed, learn to hate and distrust the government
Military set up so that a general who shared spoils of war could get more loyalty from his men than they had to the government.
Patricians in Senate do nothing to help the plebeians and the poor, and instead focus on getting more wealth and power.
Slavery---1/3 of all Rome's people. Take jobs from Roman citizens and non-slaves

II. Solutions

Gracchus Brothers---Tribunes who try to get reforms passed to help the Plebeians, but they are assassinated.

Civil War---Battle of rival generals. Sulla wins and declares himself dictator.

Wednesday, November 8

Julius Caesar's Rise to Power

Julius Caesar

Main Idea: Julius Caesar became a dictator but did great things for Rome.

Born July 100 BC. Died 44 BC. July named for him.
Born to a poorer patrician family.
Raised in the poorer section of Rome, friends with slaves and plebeians. can relate to the middle class and poor unlike most patricians.
Ambitious--hero was Alexander the Great
Grew up in a time of civil war in Rome. To him, the Republic did not work very well.
fled Rome when Sulla became dictator.
Became a military hero and diplomat in Asia Minor.
Later conquers Gaul
55 BC Conquers England
50 BC Senate orders him back to Rome, thinking he has become too powerful. If he goes, he knows he will be imprisoned or killed. He decides to risk it all and take his army.
49 BC Crosses the Rubicon River. If a general crossed the Rubicon with his army, he was entering Roman territory and was guilty of treason. From that point, there was no turning back. He would either become dictator or die.
"Crossing the Rubicon"--an expression meaning passing the point of no return in one's life.
Pompey flees, JC defeats rivals
44 BC Name dictator for life by the Senate,which he has stacked with his own supporters

Watch the MME HERE!!!

The Roman City

MMERoman City MME

Pompeii

Friday, November 9

Julius Caesar as Dictator: Julius Caesar's Assassination

Main Idea: Julius Caesar did many good things for the common people, but he did them to further his own interests and to increase his power. He was killed by Senators who feared his dictatorial rule.

Julius Caesar's Accomplishments

Expanded the Senate ( packing it with supporters)
Gave people in provinces citizenship (increases number of supporters)
Helped the poor by creating jobs (got their support, and also reduced the chance of social problems )
Started new colonies and gave the land to the poor (got their support, took the land from those he conquered so easy to do)
Increased pay for soldiers (much love from them)

Death of Julius Caesar

44 BC--Fortune-teller warns Caesar to "Beware the Ides of March" (March 15)
Members of the Roman Senate plot to kill Caesar
March 15, 44 BC. Caesar goes to the Senate and is killed by Roman Senators

Senators expect to be heroes, but majority of Roman people love Caesar and killer become enemies of Rome

After a power struggle, Caesar's adopted nephew Octavian becomes his successor.

Roman Empire and Engineering

Main Idea: Rome had a long series of emperors. It also became a world superpower. Romans were highly advanced in their planning of cities, engineering, and architecture.

Empire--Rome conquered a huge area, and was ruled by emperors

Pax Romana--Roman Peace--200 Years of peace when Rome protected all Europe

Roads: 50,000 miles of roads for military and trade

Water Systems: each block has water fountain for city dwellers to use and communal bathroom. Pipes and sewers move waste water out to clean city

Aqueducts – brought water to Roman cities using only gravity, built above and below ground over many miles

Concrete, Arches, Domes – advanced engineering inventions that created buildings, which still stand today. Concrete was cheap and strong, arches and domes were used to build strong, stable buildings.

MME The Roman City

Allegory of the Cave: Official Trailer: Means and Medema

WATCH THESE VIDEOS

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oTMrfyAt6Mo Aqueduct - 4 mins

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B8IcwFwNLr8 Roman Architecture - 10 mins

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yu94sFmNwMw Roads - 3 mins

https://youtu.be/GCWiR9cHw_w?t=4m31s - Roman City - 10 mins. Will post on website and show as much as I can if we have time.

Tuesday, November 14

Octavian aka Caesar Augustus (63 BC-14 AD)

· Julius Caesar his great-uncle, adopted by JC as his son

· First Roman emperor, 31 BC, after defeating rivals, but never called himself emperor, just Augustus

· Accomplishments

o Doubled the size of the Roman Empire

o Beautified Rome, built new Forum

o Expanded Roman road system

o Founded postal service, created fire and police departments

o Created a standing army

o Reformed taxes

o August named for him

Augustus Biography Short

· https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cg0EmHEd5YcAugustus and Rome

Second Trimester

November 29

Rise of Christianity

Main Idea: Christianity began in the Roman Empire, and spread because of the conditions in Rome at the time.

Jesus--Jew who claimed to be Messiah, to come rescue Jews 0-33 AD
Messiah--promised to Jews, a rescuer. Jews at time of Jesus hoping for a military leader, but Jesus was there to save spiritually
crucifixion--Jesus killed on cross for Roman crime of treason.
Peter--Jesus's disciple, becomes first pope in Rome.
Gentile--a non-Jew, allowed to join after Peter's vision
Paul--vision from Jesus. Spreads religion. Is Roman citizen
Constantine--Roman emperor who converts after battle of Milvian Bridge. 312 AD

· Reasons People Were attracted to Christianity--

1. all people are equal
2. gave hope to the powerless
3. morals in an immoral society
4. offered a loving personal relationship with God
5. eternal life/heaven

MME Rise of Christianity

Thursday, Nov 30

Fall of Rome/Rome's Legacy

Main Idea: The fall of Rome had many causes. Our culture was greatly influenced by Greece and Rome.

I. Vocab:

*Inflation--period of rapidly-rising prices

*Huns-- Asian tribe who invaded Europe

*Germanic Tribes--European tribes pushed into Rome by Huns

II. Causes of Fall of Rome

1. Drain of gold and silver out of Empire

2. Inflation

3. Higher taxes

4. Used-up soil

5. Disease

6. Barbarian Attack/Huns/Germanic Tribes

7. Christianity

8. Mercenaries/Lack of Patriotism

9. Moral Decline/Corruption

Tuesday, December 5

Legacy of Rome and Fall of Rome

III. Greco-Roman Legacy (Classical Civilization)

1, Latin Language

2. Architecture, Engineering and Technology--arch, dome, concrete, aqueducts, road system, buildings, monuments

3. Roman Law—equal treatment, innocent till proven guilty, burden of proof on accuser

4. Histories, epics like The Aeneid

5. Christianity

View MME Here

11-minute crash course

Fall of Rome
Documentary: Collapse of the Roman Empire

The Church Splits

Review Sheet Morris 2017

Christianity/Fall of Rome/Legacy of Rome

How did the Roman Empire help the spread of Christianity?
Why did many Jews reject Jesus as the Messiah?
What is the Messiah?
Why was Peter important in the early church?
Why was Paul important in the early church?
The leader of the church was called the _____________. The first one was ____.
Why did the church split into Eastern and Western churches?
Give three or more reasons many were attracted to Christianity.
Why did Christianity become illegal?
Why did it become legal?
Why did Rome fall? Give up to eight reasons.
What was the Pax Romana? How long did it last? Why is it important?
How was the Roman Empire divided? Why was the Roman Empire divided?
What is a mercenary?
What is inflation?
Where did Constantine move his capital? Original name? Constantine’s name. Modern name?
Why did many Germanic tribes begin to pressure the Roman Empire?
Who were the Huns? How did they create the Germanic attacks on Rome?
Who was Attila the Hun?
Rome went from a city of __________ to a city of _____________.
The Eastern Roman Empire in Constantinople lasted another _____ years after the fall of the Western Empire.
Why is emperor Justinian important?
What is Classical Civilization? What two cultures make up this civilization?
What is a bas-relief?
What is a mosaic?
Give three important Roman accomplishments in architecture.
Give two accomplishments in engineering.
Give three ideas from Roman law that we use in our law system in the US today.
Give an important contribution of Rome to religion.
What are some things we use or refer to daily that come directly from either Greece or Rome?
Could the fall of Rome have been prevented or delayed? How?
How can the U.S. keep from falling as a civilization?
Morris Pearl Harbor Review Notes

1.       Month, date and year of attack

2.       Why was it so successful?

3.       Location of attack

4.       Attacker

5.       Reason for attack

6.       How many carriers/airplanes involved?

7.       Goal of attack?

8.       Main targets of attack?

9.       Were all attacked? Why or why not?

10.   Loss of life total.

11.   Loss of life on USS Arizona

12.   When did US declare war?

13.   When and why did war end?